Sciatica is a broad term that is used to describe inflammation of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is a peripheral nerve that runs down the back of each leg. When irritated, it can cause pain in the back, leg, hip, pelvis, neck and buttock.
Usually irritation of the sciatic nerve involves compression injuries either by soft tissue and surrounding muscles or the inflammation may arise from a herniated disk pressing on the associated upstream nerve roots.
Common Causes of Sciatic Nerve Pain
The sciatic nerve can become inflamed through a few mechanisms such as compression injuries, overstretch injuries, falls or trauma and disc herniations or bone spurs. In more rare instances, tumors or diseases such as diabetes can also involve the sciatic nerve.
Here is a list of common causes of pain in the sciatic nerve:
- Prolonged sitting and immobility
- Tumors/bone spurs or systemic disease such as diabetes
- Compression from a surrounding muscle – example Piriformis Syndrome
- Disc herniation or disc bulges
- Overstretched injuries such as a high kick injuries
- Trauma such as falls or car accidents
Sciatica Symptoms
Sciatica can present differently in each case and also with varying intensities, depending on the site of the compression, the degree of the compression and also the chronicity of the issue.
Some common causes of sciatica symptoms are:
- Constant Dull Ache in the Buttock or the Thigh Region
- Electric Shock Pain in the Leg
- Throbbing or Pulsating Pain in the Buttock or the Legs
- Numbness or Tingling in the Thigh, Leg, Shin or Foot Including Toes
- Feeling of Tightness in Your Leg That You Can’t Stretch Out
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